Yes you can!

First thing you need to do is to add the entire cached content into a single variable:

{% set navigation %}
    {% cache globally for 3 years %}
        {# YOUR CACHED CONTENT #}
    {% endcache %}
{% endset %}

Then you need to add some dummy placeholder tags on your <li> tag and your <a> tag which the |replace filter then can run it's replacement on.

For <li>

<li class="{{ entry.hasDescendants() ? 'has-dropdown' : "" }} data-class-{{entry.slug}}">

For <a> (You need to modify this for each different entry type)

<a href="{{ entry.url}}" data-url="{{ entry.url }}">{{ entry.title }}</a>

After all this you'll have special "tags" in your cached content that you can run some replacement on, like this:

{{ navigation|replace({('data-url="' ~ craft.request.getUrl() ~ '"'): 'class="active"'})|replace({('data-class-' ~ craft.request.segment(1)'"'): 'active'})|raw %}

I'm unsure if you can run two |replace filters after each other, but I think you can. If you can't just split them up into two variables. Also this code is untested - I just wrote it from my head so please be aware there might be some typos etc..

Yes, you can!

The first thing you need to do is to add the entire cached content into a single variable:

{% set navigation %}
    {% cache globally for 3 years %}
        {# YOUR CACHED CONTENT #}
    {% endcache %}
{% endset %}

Then you need to add some dummy placeholder tags on your <li> tag and your <a> tag which then can be used by |replace filter to make the replacement.

For <li>

<li class="{{ entry.hasDescendants() ? 'has-dropdown' : "" }} data-class-{{entry.slug}}">

For <a> (You need to modify this for each different entry type)

<a href="{{ entry.url}}" data-url="{{ entry.url }}">{{ entry.title }}</a>

After all this you'll have special "tags" in your cached content that you can run some replacement on, like this:

{{ navigation|replace({('data-url="' ~ craft.request.getUrl() ~ '"'): 'class="active"'})|replace({('data-class-' ~ craft.request.segment(1)): 'active'})|raw }}

You can run two |replace filters after each other, you could just split them up into two steps. Also, this code is untested - I just wrote it from my head so please be aware there might be some typos etc..

Yes you can!

First thing you need to do is to add the entire cached content into a single variable:

{% set navigation %}
    {% cache globally for 3 years %}
        {# YOUR CACHED CONTENT #}
    {% endcache %}
{% endset %}

Then you need to add some dummy placeholder tags on your <li> tag and your <a> tag which the |replace filter then can run it's replacement on.

For <li>

<li class="{{ entry.hasDescendants() ? 'has-dropdown' : "" }} data-class-{{entry.slug}}">

For <a> (You need to modify this for each different entry type)

<a href="{{ entry.url}}" data-url="{{ entry.url }}">{{ entry.title }}</a>

After all this you'll have special "tags" in your cached content that you can run some replacement on, like this:

{{ navigationCache|replace({('data-url="' ~ craft.request.getUrl() ~ '"'): 'class="active"'})|replace({('data-class-' ~ craft.request.segment(1)'"'): 'active'})|raw %}

I'm unsure if you can run two |replace filters after each other, but I think you can. If you can't just split them up into two variables. Also this code is untested - I just wrote it from my head so please be aware there might be some typos etc..

Yes you can!

First thing you need to do is to add the entire cached content into a single variable:

{% set navigation %}
    {% cache globally for 3 years %}
        {# YOUR CACHED CONTENT #}
    {% endcache %}
{% endset %}

Then you need to add some dummy placeholder tags on your <li> tag and your <a> tag which the |replace filter then can run it's replacement on.

For <li>

<li class="{{ entry.hasDescendants() ? 'has-dropdown' : "" }} data-class-{{entry.slug}}">

For <a> (You need to modify this for each different entry type)

<a href="{{ entry.url}}" data-url="{{ entry.url }}">{{ entry.title }}</a>

After all this you'll have special "tags" in your cached content that you can run some replacement on, like this:

{{ navigation|replace({('data-url="' ~ craft.request.getUrl() ~ '"'): 'class="active"'})|replace({('data-class-' ~ craft.request.segment(1)'"'): 'active'})|raw %}

I'm unsure if you can run two |replace filters after each other, but I think you can. If you can't just split them up into two variables. Also this code is untested - I just wrote it from my head so please be aware there might be some typos etc..