As you'll only ever be working with one entry I wouldn't bother with the for loop for the first part of your question. Just set a variable with your featured news article. Something like this (not tested though):
{% set featuredArticle = craft.entries.section('news').first() %}
<div class="container" id="featured-news">
<div class=col-md-6>
<h2 class="news-title">{{ featuredArticle.title }}</h2>
<h3 class="news-date">{{ featuredArticle.postDate.format('F d, Y') }}</h3>
<p>
{{ featuredArticle.body }}
</p>
</div>
<img class="col-md-4" src="images/pic-block-pic1.jpg" style="float:right;">
<div class="col-xs-12" >
<a href="{{ featuredArticle.url }}" style="float:right; padding: 20px 0px 20px 0px">READ FULL STORY...</a>
</div>
</div>
EDIT: Then for the second part of your question this other answer tells you how to exclude an Entry:
How can I exclude the current entry when I've structured my syntax like this?How can I exclude the current entry when I've structured my syntax like this?
So from the other article, you'd do:
{% set entries = craft.entries({
section: 'news'
}).id('not ' ~ featuredArticle.id) %}
