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For example, if I'd like to serve a file as application/json or application/rss+xml
I see in the RSS Feed documentation that it mentions saving a file with .rss will auto-detect and serve the correct mime-type.
However, how is this detected? Is there a set list that the CMS uses based on the extension or is it derived from the server in some way?
If you want to explicitly set the mime type from your template, you can do it with Craft's {% header %} tag:
{% header "Content-Type: application/json" %}
If it is already set via this method, Craft will go with it and not attempt to auto-detect/set the mime-type on it's own.
The mime type is automatically determined based on the file extension.
There is nothing within Craft which determines the mime type. Detection follows normal server standards, looking at the file extension to figure it out.
Update:
After a little digging, it appears that Craft relies on the Yii CFileHelper class to determine the mime type of a file. Reading through the Yii docs gives the impression that several techniques are used to figure out the mime type (including looking at the file extension).
Bottom line... Give your file the right extension, and it will be served up with the correct mime type.
